The Defense of District of Columbia Drunk Driving Cases involves the review of the Stop, the Field Sobriety Tests, and the BAC test in addition to good lawyering during the trial.
THE BREATH TEST:
If a chemical test showing blood alcohol in
excess of 0.08 is admitted into evidence and unrebutted, the Defendant will
normally loose. Thus, experienced defense attorneys spend most of their time
attacking the tests, trying to find some flaw or problem in the way the test was
administered so as to have the test excluded from trial.
The results of a
breath test can be admitted into court via a certificate which recites, among
other things, the results of the test, the name of the breath test operator and
his qualifications, and the date and time of the test. This is generally how the
prosecutor will submit evidence of the breath test. However, if the certificate
is not used, the actual breath test operator may testify in person.
The
breath or blood test must be excluded from evidence, explained away, or shown to
be incorrect.
As to the certificate, the law states that a blood alcohol
level certificate, to be admitted, must trustworthy. In other words, there
cannot be any significant mistakes on the certificate. Any defect could render
it inadmissible. As to the chemical test itself, the test is very complicated.
It involves many steps that the breath test operator must perform correctly. On
top of that, the machine must work properly so that it can calculate the breath
alcohol level according to a complex chemical reaction and mathematical
analysis. It is beyond the scope of this guide to describe every single way that
a test can actually be attacked. But lawyers spend a great deal of time
examining the qualifications of the breath test operator, the condition of the
testing machine, and the general test procedures.
In appropriate cases,
an expert witness is used to show that one's blood alcohol level was below the
legal limit at the time of the driving and only rose above the legal limit after
the arrest.
THE FIELD SOBRIETY TESTS AND DRIVING
BEHAVIOR:
Usually, a trial will be the police officer's word against
the defendant's word as to how the defendant performed on the field sobriety
tests. The police officer will undoubtedly testify that the Defendant did poorly
on the tests. The defense attorney concentrates on what the defendant did well.
For example, the police officer may testify that the defendant on the "Walk and
Turn" test did not put his heal directly in front of the toe. The defense
attorney would counter by showing that even though he may not have put his heal
in front of his toe, he was able to walk a straight line turn around and walk
back. As to the driving behavior, not all driving behavior shows that a person
is intoxicated. For example, just because a person is traveling very fast does
not necessarily mean that he is intoxicated. People speed every day without
having an ounce liquor or alcohol in their body. Also, swerving may be due to
looking at a map or dropping something on the floor while driving.